Usually cassiterite flotation ARSACETYL toluene or styrene phosphoric acid as collector. Due to the different types of tin deposits and ore properties in different countries, historical conditions and development conditions are different, so the tin beneficiation status of different countries is very different. Some very simple beneficiation methods; others are more complex, comprehensive income with other valuable metals in the election, while tin. In recent years, due to the advancement of science and technology, the tin beneficiation process and technology have been improved in various countries. Among them, heavy medium pre-selection, flotation of cassiterite, fine mud sorting, re-election of old tailings, and comprehensive recovery are worth mentioning.
The cassiterite is a dense, brittle mineral that is easily broken into fine particles during the mining process. For large particle cassiterite, it is generally recovered by re-election method; for fine-grained cassiterite, the recovery rate of re-election is low, and it is generally recovered by flotation method or combined method. There are many kinds of agents for flotation of cassiterite, but there are technical problems of poor selectivity, high cost and low index. Therefore, there are a lot of researches on collectors and inhibitors of cassiterite flotation at home and abroad, and many research results have been obtained. .
At present, the cassitet collectors used in the industry mainly include fatty acids, citric acid, alkyl hydroxamic acid, alkyl sulfosuccinic acid, and phosphonic acid, among which oleic acid, benzyl phthalic acid, A-22, and salicylate. Hydroxamic acid is a commonly used collector.
Fatty acids is a common collector collector flotation agent for oxidized ore, titanium oxide ore recovered in the iron ore, diamond ore zinc has been widely used, and oleic fatty acids is the most common of a collector Receipt, its ability to collect is strong, small amount, non-toxic, but poor selectivity, sensitive to Fe3+, Ca2+, strong ability to capture iron minerals, fluorite , calcite , generally used in neutral or alkaline conditions Lower flotation of cassiterite?? Quartz type slime. The aliphatic phosphoric acid collector is suitable for flotation without Fe3+ and Pb2+ ore. The general dosage is 1000~1500g/t, and the optimal pH value is between 2.55~3.50.
Tannic acid collectors are classified into aromatic tannic acid and aliphatic tannic acid, which are relatively effective collectors. Arsenic is preferably an aromatic acid flotation in acid medium, but toxic, harmful. The order of the ability to capture fine cassiterite is: mixed toluic acid > p-toluic acid > benzyl decanoic acid > o-toluic acid. In the weakly acidic and neutral pulps, the mixed toluene acid flotation of the cassiterite has the best effect. When it is used to float the tin ore containing gold sulfide minerals, in order to avoid the influence of the slime, it is necessary to remove the mud beforehand, and in order to avoid the influence of the sulfide on the quality of the tin concentrate, pre-desulfurization is required. The use of Y89 xanthate desulfurization to the bismuth polymetallic sulfide ore is better, and the sulfur removal effect is better, which creates conditions for the flotation of cassiterite. Aliphatic citric acid is a good collector, which can react with metal ions such as Sn2+, Sn4+ and Fe3+ to form insoluble compounds. When the concentration is high, it can react with Ca2+ and Mg2+ to form salts. The ore processed by the Barry Plant is a cassiterite polymetallic sulfide ore. The sulfide minerals include iron sphalerite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, etc., and the gangue minerals are quartz and calcite. The flotation of cassiterite is sulfuric acid, benzyl arsenate, P86, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and No. 2 oil, which can increase the concentrate grade by 4.68% before the improvement of the pharmaceutical system.
Alkyl hydroxamic acid is more selective than fatty acids, and its toxicity is smaller than that of arsenic acid. However, its ability to capture is relatively weak, the dosage is large, and the price is high. Under the premise of achieving the same effect, it is generally used to replace arsenic acid. Collecting agent. The most commonly used alkyl hydroxamic acid is salicyl hydroxamic acid. In the weakly alkaline medium, TBP has a strong trapping effect when used as an auxiliary collector. In 1999, when the Chehe Concentrator improved the collector, the new combination of salicyl hydroxamic acid and P86 was used instead of the tannic acid collector. As a result, the recovery rate of the cassiterite operation was increased by 2.24%, and the enrichment ratio was improved. It is 0.5 times and the dosage is half of the original collector, which greatly reduces the production cost. In 2003, Zhu Jianguang experimented with the ore samples from Chehe, and proved that 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoquinone (H203) and its isomer 2-hydroxy-3-naphthoquinone ( H205) is a good collector of cassiterite, in which H203 can obtain tin concentrate with a grade of 18.29% and a recovery rate of 92.68% from a closed-circuit test of ore feeding with a particle size of less than 11 μm and 76% and a tin grade of 1.16%. .
Alkyl sulfosuccinic acid collectors have strong harvesting capacity, low dosage, low price, non-toxicity, and short duration of action with minerals. There are tin sulphate flotation plants in Bolivia, the United Kingdom, the former Soviet Union and Peru. widely used. Sulfonated succinic acid has a better flotation effect on coarse-grained cassiterite and is the most widely used. Flotation of cassiterite with sodium sulfosuccinate, the amount is generally 500-800g / t, pH is 3.5 ~ 4.3, adding Aqua-mollinBC (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt) complex high iron ion and water glass dispersion fine particles The gangue particles can obtain better flotation indicators. Sulfonamide acid has good collection performance for fine-grained cassiterite, low dosage, fast flotation speed, but poor selectivity, and is suitable for use in acidic medium. Similar agents include sulfosuccinic acid (N-octadecylsulfonated succinamide disodium salt, domestic code A-18), A-22, 209 detergent, and the like. A-18 is both a cassiterite collector and a slime dispersant. It has foaming properties and has a catching effect on sulphide ore. A-22 is suitable for application in weakly acidic medium, with strong harvesting ability, low dosage, fast action, no toxicity, and the best effect when pH is around 6.
Phosphonic acid collectors are classified into aromatic phosphonic acids and aliphatic phosphonic acids. The aromatic phosphonic acid has strong ability to capture and select good cassiterite. Styrylphosphonic acid is more commonly used, its harvesting capacity and selectivity are better than oleic acid. It can be used in weak acid and neutral pulp. It has good index and low price. It can be used for flotation of cassiterite, wolframite , rutile, etc. . The industrial test of styrene-phosphonic acid flotation in Huangmaoshan tin-containing fine mud has achieved good results. The tin concentrate grade is 24.26%~26.4%, and the recovery rate is 44.79%~52.14%. Aliphatic phosphonic acid (C6~C8) has strong ability to collect, use less, and has weak selectivity. It is sensitive to Ca2+ and Fe3+. The concentrate foam is not sticky and easy to disperse. It can be floated in neutral and weak acid pulp.
Alkyl phosphate collectors are less toxic, generally have good collection and selectivity, and have good resistance to hard water in weakly alkaline media and at room temperature. A tin ore selection plant in India uses alkylphosphonate as a collector, sodium silicate as an inhibitor, sulfuric acid and citric acid as a pH adjuster. After a coarse and two fine flotation, the tin mass fraction is 0.24%. A tin concentrate with a grade of 7% and a recovery rate of 55% was obtained from the re-selected tailings. Alkyl sulfate sodium salt (C12 ~ C20) of cassiterite collector capacity than the weak oleic acid, have the ability to selective collector brass ore pyrite collecting capability is weak, the selection of the calcium-containing minerals Good sex, the general dosage is 20~30g/t.
Amine collectors are preferred collectors for sulphur flotation, which include primary amine salts, secondary amine salts, tertiary amine salts, quaternary ammonium salts and alkyl pyridinium salts, of which primary amine salts are widely used. Tongtieling has better ability to capture cassiterite than methotrexate. The use of copper iron spirit floatation of cassiterite fine mud can obtain better indicators, but because of the large amount, it is often mixed with benzoxamic acid. By using the synergistic effect of the two agents, the dosage can be appropriately reduced, and a good flotation index can be obtained.
Although there are many kinds of existing collectors, there are still some problems, such as high cost, environmental pollution, and difficult processing of fine-grained grades. Therefore, many new collectors have been developed at home and abroad in recent years, such as ZJ-3, BY. -9, CF, SR, etc. ZJ-3 is a new type of collector successfully studied by Zhu Yimin. The agent is highly efficient and low-toxic, and is suitable for treating fine-grained cassiterite having a particle size of less than 19 μm. Zhe-3, auxiliary collector TBP and inhibitor CMC were selected by Chehe plant for a coarse, two-precision and one-sweep flotation. The grade was selected from the ore with a mass fraction of 1.16% and the recovery rate was 92.68. % tin concentrate. BY-9 is a chelating collector for cassiterite. Any of them is floated from the cassiterite polymetallic sulphide ore tailings to recover tin. By comparing the flotation effects of BY-9, C9 hydroxamic acid and Sun 2#, BY-9 has the best collection effect, and the dosage is 1000g/t. 100 g / t of the effective promoter of the collected cassiterite P86 and 50 ~ 100g / t inhibitor BY-5 and 50g / t2 # oil, finally obtained a concentrate of 48.76%, a recovery rate of 49.88%. The floatability of cassiterite and silicate is equivalent. When Mengzi Mining & Metallurgy Co., Ltd. handles tailings, BY-9 is used as collector, P86 is auxiliary collector, sodium carbonate and BY-5 are inhibitors ( The main component is lignin), and a tin concentrate with a tin grade of 53-58% and a recovery of 50-12% is obtained. CF is a new type of chelating collector developed by Beijing Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. It is suitable for flotation of cassiterite and strontium minerals. It has strong ability to capture cassiterite and has good selectivity, and has good application prospects.
SR is a new type of high-efficiency collector for fine-grained cassiterite. For the ore of No. 100 (105) ore body, the agent is used to assist the collector P86, which can achieve the concentrate grade and operation recovery rate of 11.43 respectively. % and 88.72%.
Although the flotation method is one of the most effective methods for recovering fine-grained cassiterite, the cost of cassiterite flotation reagent is high, the environmental pollution is large, and the index is low. Therefore, research and development of new pharmacy and combination agent on fine cassiterite Recycling is important.
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