The main reason why fine particles are difficult to float:
(1) The surface energy of the fine particles is large, and under certain strips, fine particles of different compositions form non-selective condensation. The agglomeration caused by the surface force also causes the adhesion of the fine particles on the surface of the coarse particles to form fine particle coverage.
(2) The fine particles have a large specific surface area and surface energy, so they have a high drug adsorption capacity, and the adsorption selectivity is poor; the surface solubility increases, which makes the "inevitable ions" increase in the slurry; at the same time, the fine particles are small in mass, It is easily entrained by the water flow machine and mechanically entrained by the foam.
(3) The adhesion efficiency between the fine particles and the bubbles is relatively low, so that the bubble-to-particle capture rate is lowered, and the fine particles are also attached to the surface of the bubble in a large amount, forming a so-called "armor" phenomenon of the bubbles, which affects the carrying amount of the bubbles.
Main measures to enhance fine particle flotation in production:
(1) Adding a dispersing agent to prevent the fine particles from coagulating and ensuring sufficient dispersion. Common dispersants are sodium silicate, sodium polyphosphate, sodium hydroxide (or sodium carbonate), and water glass.
(2) Reduce the concentration of the slurry and increase the selectivity. When the pulp is thinner, the fine mud can be prevented from contaminating the concentrate foam, and the viscosity of the slurry can also be reduced.
(3) Sub-group and batch dosing to reduce non-selective adsorption. Avoid adding once and being absorbed by the slime.
(4) Desliming the treated materials before flotation, sediment sorting, and specially formulating the flotation of the slime.
Reasons for poor coarse flotation indicators:
(1) The useful mineral and the gangue mineral are not sufficiently separated from the monomer;
(2) It is not easy to suspend in the flotation machine, and the probability of collision with bubbles is reduced;
(3) The coarse particles move in the slurry and encounter turbulent oscillations, causing them to fall off the bubbles.
Measures: Minerals that can be dissociated at a relatively coarse particle size are often re-selected. When the treatment of flocculated minerals must be treated by flotation, the usual strengthening measures are:
(1) strong collector collecting capability, and increasing the collector dosage appropriate to enhance the fixing strength of the particles and air bubbles. Sometimes use an auxiliary collector such as a non-polar oil;
(2) Properly increase the amount of aeration to provide more suitable bubbles to create conditions for flotation of coarse particles;
(3) Selecting flotation equipment suitable for coarse flotation, in order to prevent coarse particles from forming sediment in the flotation equipment, a shallow trough flotation machine with large floating lift and large internal circulation should be used;
(4) The use of a higher concentration of pulp, which increases the concentration of the agent, can also cause the particles to receive a large lifting force. However, it should be noted that when the slurry concentration is too high, the flotation process will be deteriorated and the selectivity will be lowered.
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